Midwest Invasive Plant List

Over 270 plant species are considered to be invasive, noxious, or pests by one or more jurisdictions in the Midwestern U.S. The following regional list compiles all the plant species regulated through state law and/or listed as invasive by a state agency or invasive plant council in the eight-state region that MIPN serves. The list is presented alphabetically by Latin name but is easily searchable by common or Latin name – just start typing in the search box!

Links to the appropriate state laws or agency/plant council webpages are provided in the index below. If you are aware of an updated list or amended law, please help us keep this list up to date by emailing MIPN’s Coordinator at mipn@mortonarb.org.

Last updated May 2017. Please find a downloadable Excel workbook of this list here.

Illinois Law

Aq = Illinois Aquatic Injurious Plant Species

N = Illinois noxious weed

E =Illinois exotic weed

Illinois list

A = General invasive plant list

 

Indiana Law

N = Indiana noxious weed

P = Prohibited plant species

Pe = Pest species

Indiana List1

H = High invasive rank

M = Medium invasive rank

L = Low invasive rank

C = Caution species

 

Iowa Law

Pr = Primary noxious weed

S = Secondary noxious weed

Aq = Prohibited aquatic plant

Iowa List

A = General invasive plant list

Michigan Law

N = Noxious weed

P = Prohibited plant species

R = Restricted plant species

Michigan list (Appendix C)

A = Widespread distribution in 1 or more of MI's ecoregions

B = Local distribution in 1 or more of MI's ecogregions

C = Isolated distribution in 1 or more of MI's ecoregions

 

Minnesota Law

MN Aquatic Plants

PAq = Prohibited aquatic plant

RAq = Restricted aquatic plant

MN Noxious weeds

E = Noxious weed, eradicate list

C = Noxious weed, control list

R = Noxious weed, restricted list

SR = Noxious weed, specially regulated list

Minnesota List

A = Terrestrial invasive plant

B = Terrestrial invasive plant, early detection species

Aq = Aquatic invasive plant

Missouri Law

A = General noxious weed list

Missouri List

A = General invasive plant list

Aq = Aquatic nuisance species (Appendix C)

 

Ohio Law

P = Prohibited noxious weed

Ohio List6

A = Invasive

B = Pending further review

 

Wisconsin Law

P = Prohibited

R = Restricted

Wisconsin List2

A = General invasive plant list

Plant Laws Lists
Common Name Scientific Name IL IN IA MI MN MO OH WI IL IN IA MI MN MO OH WI
velvetleaf Abutilon theophrasti S   A
Amur maple Acer ginnala R   A A
Norway maple Acer platanoides   A H B A A
Japanese chaff flower Achyranthes japonica P   A H
hardheads, Russian knapweed Acroptilon repens / Centaurea repens / Centaurea picris Pr N   C
Bishop’s goutweed Aegopodium podagraria R  
quackgrass Agropyron repens Pr N  
tree of heaven Ailanthus altissima R   A H A A B A
Fiveleaf akebia Akebia quinata P  
garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata R R   A H A A A A A A
wild garlic Allium vineale   A
black alder Alnus glutinosa R   H B
carelessweed, Palmer amaranth Amaranthus palmeri5 E P  
common ragweed Ambrosia artemisifolia5 N  
giant ragweed Ambrosia trifida5 N  
porcelain berry Ampelopsis brevipedunculata P   C C B
heartleaf peppervine Ampelopsis cordata   C
wild chervil Anthriscus sylvestris P, R3  
common burdock Arctium minus   A A
Wormwood Artemisia absinthium  
mugwort Artemisia vulgaris   H
small carpgrass Arthraxon hispidus   H
giant reed Arundo donax P   C
mosquito fern Azolla pinnata Aq P P  
kochia Bassia scoparia P  
Japanese barberry Berberis thunbergii SR   A H A A A A
common barberry Berberis vulgaris P   C
common barberry Berberis vulgaris   C
Hoary alyssum Berteroa incana   A
caucasian bluestem Bothriochloa bladhii   A
yellow bluestem Bothriochloa ischaemum   A
wild mustard Brassica arvensis S  
wild mustard Brassica kaber var. pinnatifida P  
field brome Bromus arvensis   A
smooth brome Bromus inermis   A A A A
bald brome Bromus racemosus   A
rye brome Bromus secalinus   A
cheatgrass Bromus tectorum   A A
hill mustard Bunias orientalis P, R3  
flowering rush Butomus umbellatus Aq P Aq R PAq R   H B Aq
fanwort Cabomba caroliniana P RAq P   C
creeping bellflower Campanula rapunculoides R   A
Siberian peashrub Caragana arborescens R   A
narrowleaf bittercress Cardamine impatiens C   M C B
hoary cress, perennial peppergrass Cardaria draba / Lepidium draba Pr N  
plumeless thistle Carduus acanthoides C R   H C
musk thistle Carduus nutans N N A P R   A H A B A A
thistle Carduus spp. Pr  
caulerpa or Mediterranean killer algae Caulerpa taxifolia Aq P  
Asian bittersweet, oriental bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus E R   A H A A B A A
Asian loeseneri bittersweet Celastrus rosthornianus var. loeseneri P  
spotted knapweed Centaurea biebersteinii, Centaurea maculosa or Centaurea stoebe N C A R   A H A A A A A
spreading starthistle Centaurea diffusa P   B
brown knapweed Centaurea jacea E  
knapweed Centaurea L.   A
black knapweed Centaurea nigra R  
tyrol knapweed Centaurea nigrescens R  
yellow star thistle Centaurea solstitialis E P   A C B
meadow knapweed Centaurea x moncktonii E   B
celandine Chelidonium majur R  
chicory Cichorium intybus   A
Canada thistle Cirsium arvense N N Pr N C A P R   A H A A A A A
bull thistle Cirsium lanceolatum Pr  
European marsh thistle Cirsium palustre P, R3   B
thistle Cirsium spp. Pr  
bull thistle Cirsium vulgare N   A H A A A
sweet autumn virginsbower Clematis terniflora   A C
poison hemlock Conium maculatum S P P, R3   A H A
lily of the valley Convallaria majalis   C A
field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Pr N A   H A
hedge bindweed Convolvulus sepium N  
marestail Conyza canadensis5 P  
Australian swamp crop Crassula helmsii PAq P  
hawksbeard Crepis tectorum   A
dodder Cuscuta spp. N  
cylindro Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii P  
black swallow-wort Cynanchum louiseae / Vincetoxium nigrum E P, R3   H B B
pale swallow-wort Cynanchum rossicum / Vincetoxicum rossicum P   H B
Houndstongue Cynoglossum officinale R  
Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius P  
Wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace Daucus carota S P   A M A A A
Grecian foxglove Digitalis lanata Ehrh. E P   B
Chinese yam Dioscorea polystachya (oppositifolia) P   A H A
common teasel Dipsacus fullonum E A R   A H A B A
cutleaf teasel Dipsacus laciniatus E A R   A H A B A A
teasel Dipsacus spp. S   A
Common teasel Dipsacus sylvestris R   A
Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa Aq P, Pe P RAq P   A H Aq
anchored water hyacinth Eichhornia azurea Aq P P   H
common water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes PAq P   C
Russian olive Elaeagnus angustifolia R   A M A B A A
thorny olive Elaeagnus pungens   A
autumn olive Elaeagnus umbellata R   A H A A A A A
quackgrass Elytrigia repens   A
hairy willow herb Epilobium hirsutum P, R3   B
helleborine orchid Epipactis helleborine R   A
burning bush Euonymus alatus R   A M A
wintercreeper Euonymus fortunei   A H A
Cypress spurge Euphorbia cyparissias R   B A
leafy spurge Euphorbia esula Pr N C R   A H A A A A A
Bohemian knotweed Fallopia x bohemica P  
tall fescue Festuca elatior / Schenodorus arundinacea / Festuca arundinacea   A M A A
meadow fescue Festuca pratensis   A
lesser celandine Ficaria verna P  
Queen of the meadow Filipendula ulmaria R  
glossy buckthorn Frangula alnus / Rhamnus frangula E R R   A H A A A A
goatsrue Galega officinalis   M
hemp nettle Galeopsis tetrahit R   A
White bedstraw Galium mollugo R  
Creeping Charlie, ground ivy Glechoma hederacea   A M A A
Mudmat Glossostigma cleistanthum P  
tall or reed mannagrass Glyceria maxima P, R3  
tall or reed mannagrass Glyceria maxima P, R3  
baby’s breath Gypsophila paniculata   B
English ivy Hedera helix   A M
wild sunflower Helianthus annus5 S  
orange day-lily, tawny day-lily Hemerocallis fulva   A C A
giant hogweed Heracleum mantegazzianum P, N E P P   M A C B
dame's rocket Hesperis matronalis R   A H A A A
orange hawkweed Hieracium aurantiacum   A A
yellow hawkweed Hieracium caespitosum   A
Japanese hops Humulus japonicus E P, R3   H C B A
Japanese hops Humulus japonicus E P, R3   H C B A
hydrilla Hydrilla verticillata Aq P, Pe P PAq P   H A, Aq
European frogbit Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Aq P P PAq P   H C
Floating marsh pennywort Hydrocotyle ranunculoides P  
Indian swampweed, miramar weed Hygrophilia polysperma Aq P PAq P   H
St. John's wort Hypericum perforatum   A L A A
Balfour’s touch-me-not Impatiens balfourii R  
Indian balsam Impatiens glandulifera P   C
British yellowhead Inula britannica   B
Chinese water spinach Ipomoea aquatic Aq P RAq P   H
morning glory Ipomoea spp. N  
yellow iris Iris pseudacorus Aq P RAq R   H C A, Aq A
Field scabiosa Knautia arvensis R  
Korean lespedeza Kummerowia stipulacea   A M
striate lespedeza Kummerowia striata   M
oxygen−weed, African elodea or African waterweed Lagarosiphon major Aq P P PAq P  
dotted duckweed Landoltia punctata   Aq
motherwort Leonurus cardiaca   A
pepperweed Lepidium latifolium P   H
bicolor lespedeza Lespedeza bicolor   A M
sericea lespedeza Lespedeza cuneata P   A H A B A
oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare / Chrysanthemum leucanthemum P   A A
lyme grass or sand ryegrass Leymus arenarius / Elymus arenarius P, R3  
lyme grass or sand ryegrass Leymus arenarius / Elymus arenarius P, R3   C
Amur privet Ligustrum amurense   C
Japanese privet Ligustrum japonica   A
blunt leaved privet, border privet Ligustrum obtusifolium   A H A B
California privet Ligustrum ovalifolium   C
Chinese privet Ligustrum sinense   C A
common privet Ligustrum vulgare   A C A B B
Asian marshweed Limnophila sessiliflora Aq P   H
Dalmation toadflax Linaria dalmatica E P, R3   B
butter and eggs, common toadflax Linaria vulgaris   A
fragrant honeysuckle Lonicera fragrantissima   A
Japanese honeysuckle Lonicera japonica E P   A H A A A
Amur honeysuckle Lonicera maacki P, R3   A H A A A A A
Amur honeysuckle Lonicera maackii P, R3   A H A A A A A
Morrow's honeysuckle Lonicera morrowii R   A H A A A A A
Manchurian honeysuckle Lonicera ruprechtiana   A
trumpet honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens   A
Standish’s honeysuckle Lonicera standishii   A A
Tatarian honeysuckle, Amur honeysuckle Lonicera tatarica R   A H A A A A
Bell's honeysuckle, Amur honeysuckle Lonicera x bella R   A H A C A A
goldflame hoenysuckle Lonicera x heckrottii   A
honeysuckle Lonicera x minutiflora   A
honeysuckle Lonicera x notha   A
fly honeysuckle Lonicera x xylosteoides   A
European fly honeysuckle, dwarf honeysuckle Lonicera xylosteum   A A A
bird's-foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus   B A A
moneywort Lysimachia nummularia   A C A
golden loosestrife Lysimachia vulgaris   A
purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria E Aq R PAq, C A P R4   A H A A A, Aq A, Aq A
purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria E Aq R PAq, C A P R4   A H A A A, Aq A, Aq A
purple loosestrife Lythrum spp. P  
purple loosestrife Lythrum virgatum PAq, C P  
osage-orange Maclura pomifera   A
European water-clover Marsilea quadrifolia   C
white sweet clover Melilotus alba   M A A A A
yellow sweet clover Melilotus officinalis   A M C A A A
spearmint Mentha spicata   A
peppermint Mentha x piperita   A
Japanese stiltgrass Microstegium vimineum P   A H C A A
Amur silver grass Miscanthus sacchariflorus   A
Chinese maiden grass, Chinese silvergrass Miscanthus sinensis   A M
miscanthus hybrid Miscanthus x gigantea   C
monochoria, arrowleaf, or false pickerelweed Monochoria hastata Aq P  
heartshape or false pickerelweed Monochoria vaginalis Aq P  
white mulberry Morus alba R   A H A A B A
forget me not Myosotis scorpioides   A
Aquatic forget-me-not Myosotis sylvatica R  
parrot feather Myriophyllum aquaticum Aq P P RAq P   H
variable-leaf watermilfoil Myriophyllum heterophyllum   A
Eurasian watermilfoil Myriophyllum spicatum Aq P Aq R PAq R4   A H A Aq Aq A
Spiny naiad Najas marina R  
brittle naiad Najas minor Aq P Aq PAq P   A H C Aq Aq
serrated tussock Nassella trichotoma N  
watercress Nasturtium officinale / Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum   A A
Sacred lotus Nelumbo nucifera P  
Apple of Peru Nicandra physalodes P  
starry stonewort Nitellopsis obtusa P   B
nonnative waterlilies Nymphaea spp. RAq   Aq
yellow floating hearts Nymphoides peltata Aq P P P   H
Java waterdropwort Oenanthe javanica P  
Scotch thistle Onopordum acanthium A  
Wavy leaf basket grass Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. undulatifolius P  
star-of-Bethlehem Ornithogalum umbellatum   A
duck lettuce Ottelia alismoides Aq P P   H
butterweed, cressleaf groundsel Packera glabella / Senecio glabellus5 P  
wild parsnip Pastinaca sativa C P R   A M A A A A
princess tree Paulownia tomentosa P   C
Butterfly dock Petasites hybridus P  
reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea R   A H A A A, Aq A A
Amur cork tree Phellodendron amurense P   H C
common reed Phragmites australis ssp australis R R P, R3   A H A A, Aq A A
Scarlet pimpernel Pimpinella saxifrage R  
Austrian pine Pinus nigra   C
scotch pine Pinus sylvestris   B A
water lettuce Pistia stratioides P   C
buckthorn plantain Plantago lanceolata S  
Canada bluegrass Poa compressa   A
Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis   A A
Oriental lady’s thumb Polygonum caespitosum   C
Japanese knotweed Polygonum cuspidatum/Fallopia japonica P SR P R   A H A A A A A
mile−a−minute vine Polygonum perfoliatum/Persicaria perfoliata P P   H B
giant knotweed Polygonum sachalinense SR P   C
white poplar Populus alba R   A B A
Lombardy poplar Populus nigra var. italica   C
curly-leaved pondweed Potamogeton crispus Aq P Aq R PAq R4   A H A Aq A
kudzu Pueraria montana var. lobata E, N Pe A P P   A H A C A
callery pear Pyrus calleryana   A H A A
sawtooth oak Quercus acutissima P   C
lesser celandine Ranunculus ficaria   C C A
buckthorn Rhamnus arguta E  
common buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica E R R   A H A A A A A A
Dahurian buckthorn Rhamnus davurica E   A
Japanese buckthorn Rhamnus japonica E   A
buckthorn Rhamnus spp. (excluding Frangula alnus) Pr  
Chinese buckthorn Rhamnus utilis E   A
Russian knapweed Rhaponticum repens P  
jetbead Rhodotypos scandens   A C C
Bristly locust Robinia hispida R   C
black locust Robinia pseudoacacia5 R   A A A A
multiflora rose Rosa multiflora E P S R A R   A H A A A A A A
Himalayan blackberry Rubus armeniacus P  
wineberry, wine raspberry Rubus phoenicolasius P   C
sheep sorrel, red sorrel Rumex acetosella S   A
smooth dock Rumex altissimus S  
sour dock Rumex crispus S  
arrowhead Sagittaria sagittifolia Aq P P  
Russian thistle Salsola kali var. tenuifolia P  
giant salvinia Salvinia auriculata, biloba, or herzogii Aq P P P  
aquarium watermoss or giant salvinia Salvinia molesta Aq P P PAq P  
bouncing bet, soapwort Saponaria officinalis   M A A
tall fescue Schenodorus arundinacea   M A
crownvetch Securigera varia / Coronilla varia R   A H A A A A A
giant foxtail Setaria faberia   A
foxtail millet Setaria italica   A
bristly foxtail Setaria verticillata   A
green foxtail Setaria viridis   A
bur cucumber Sicyos angulatus5 N  
bladder campion Silene vulgaris   A
horsenettle Solanum carolinense Pr N  
climbing nightshade, bittersweet nightshade Solanum dulcamara   A A A
Seaside goldenrod Solidago sempervirens R, P3  
perennial sow thistle Sonchus arvensis N Pr N   A
sorghum almum Sorghum almum N N N  
shatter cane Sorghum bicolor N S P  
Johnsongrass Sorghum halepense P  
Johnson grass Sorghum halepense N N N A P   A H A
Exotic bur-reed Sparganium erectum Aq P  
Japanese meadowsweet Spiraea japonica   C
common chickweed Stellaria media   A
water aloes or water soldiers Stratiotes aloides PAq P  
salt cedar Tamarix spp. Aq   A
common tansy Tanacetum vulgare C R   A A A
Spreading hedgeparsley Torilis arvensis P   A C
Japanese hedgeparsley or erect hedgeparsley Torilis japonica P, R3   C A B
poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans / Rhus toxicodendron5 SR  
poison sumac Toxicodendron vernix5 N  
western salsify Tragopogon dubius   A
water chestnut Trapa natans Aq P P PAq P   H
puncturevine Tribulus terrestris S N   A
red clover Trifolium pratense   A
white clover Trifolium repens   A
Colt’s foot Tussilago farfara P  
narrow-leaved cattail Typha angustifolia5 P R   H A A
hybrid cattail Typha x glauca R   C A A
Chinese elm Ulmus parvifolia   A
Siberian elm Ulmus pumila R   A M A A A
Garden heliotrope Valeriana officinalis R  
common mullein Verbascum thapsus   A B
European brooklime Veronica beccabunga var. beccabunga   B
European cranberry-bush Viburnum opulus var. opulus   C B
vetch Vicia cracca   M A
common vetch Vicia sativa   A
hairy vetch, cow vetch Vicia villosa   A A
large-leaved periwinkle Vinca major   C
periwinkle Vinca minor   M B A
Japanese wisteria Wisteria floribunda P   A
Chinese wisteria Wisteria sinensis P  
Chinese wisteria Wisteria sinensis   A C
cocklebur Xanthium commune S  

1 Indiana list compiled by the Indiana Invasive Species Council
2 Wisconsin list taken from the Invasive Plant Association of Wisconsin (IPAW) Working list of Invasive Plants
3 Prohibited or restricted by county. See state listing.
4 Also designated as an invasive aquatic plant statewide under s. NR 109.07 (2).
5 Native plant species
6 Ohio list take from the Ohio Invasive Plants Council assessed list